Herbicide Reference Guide for Small Acreage Landowners

Signal word

(toxicity)

Cost

Use rates

(product per acre)

Re-entry interval

Hay harvest

Grazing interval

Lactating dairy animal

Slaughter

Caution

$285/gal

2-6 pts

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

Labeled Uses (sites):

Arsenal - grass pasture, rangeland, non-crop areas such as industrial sites, right-of-ways, and fence rows.

Habitat - for control of undesirable emergent and floating aquatic vegetation in and around standing and flowing water. Applications may be made to control undesirable wetland, riparian, and terrestrial vegetation growing in and around surface water.

Environmental characteristics - non-selective herbicide (controls grasses and broadleaf plants). Persistent in soil, breaks down rapidly in water, uptake in plants through foliage and roots. Arsenal can be applied up to water's edge. Habitat has an aquatic label - can be used in and around water. Not for use on irrigation ditchbanks.

Primary target species - Often used for total vegetative control (parking lots, industrial sites, etc.). This herbicide is very effective in controlling tamarisk and other woody species.

Pre-mixes - + diuron = Sahara, Topsite.

Chopper - ready to use pre-mix with adjuvants for cut-stump or basal bark treatments.

Signal word

(toxicity)

Cost

Use rates

(product per acre)

Re-entry interval

Hay harvest

Grazing interval

Lactating dairy animal

Slaughter

Caution

$120/gal

0.25-4 pts

24 hours

37-70*

0

7-40*

30

Labeled Uses (sites):

Banvel, Clarity, Sterling - For use in crops, pasture, and rangeland.

Vanquish - non-cropland - turf, right-of-ways including areas that run through rangeland, and fence rows.

Environmental characteristics - water soluble, should not be applied near water. Active on target plants primarily through foliar uptake, with root uptake to a lesser degree. Do not apply near desirable trees and shrubs. Dicamba is a volatile product that can damage off-target vegetation through vapor drift. Do not use when temperatures are expected to exceed 85 degrees Fahrenheit within 24 hours of application.

Primary target species - kochia and many other annual broadleaf species. At higher rates can be effective on Canada thistle, bindweed, and biennial thistles. Not effective for controlling grass species.

Pre-mixes - + 2,4-D = Outlaw, Rangestar, Veteran 720, Weedmaster

+ glyphosate = Fallowmaster

Signal word

(toxicity)

Cost

Use rates

(product per acre)

Re-entry interval

Hay harvest

Grazing interval

Lactating dairy animal

Slaughter

Caution

$16/oz

0.33-4.0 oz

4 hours

0-3*

0-3*

0-3*

0

Labeled Uses (sites):

Ally - wheat, barley, and fallow.

Cimarron - pasture and range.

Escort - right-of-ways, industrial sites, and non-crop areas.

Environmental characteristics - can be applied to water's edge, do not apply directly to water. Short soil residual activity and is primarily taken into a plant by foliar uptake.

Primary target species - plants of the mustard family, houndstongue, common mullein, common teasel, and assorted annual broadleaf species. At higher rates has activity on biennial thistles.

Not effective for controlling grass species, kochia, knapweed species, or most perennial species with the exception of hoary cress and tall whitetop.

Pre-mixes - + dicamba + 2,4-D = Cimarron Max; + chlorsulfuron (Telar) = Cimarron X-tra.

Signal word

(toxicity)

Cost

Use rates

(product per acre)

Re-entry interval

Hay harvest

Grazing interval

Lactating dairy animal

Slaughter

Caution - Danger*

$100/gal

variable

12 hours

7

0

14

3

Labeled Uses (sites):

Garlon 4 - for use in forests and grazed areas.

Garlon 3A - non-cropland, right-of-ways, grazed areas, in and around water.

Weed B Gon - turf and ornamental applications.

Environmental characteristics - ester formulation can be volatile, and is best used when temperature is not expected to exceed 85 degrees. Triclopyr has some soil activity but is primarily taken up by plants through foliage and/or vascular tissue (cut-stump or basal bark treatment). Restrictions near water vary with formulation - Garlon 4 - up to water's edge, Garlon 3A has an aquatic label, can be used to control target vegetation in and around standing water.

Not for use on irrigation ditchbanks.

Primary target species - used for controlling broadleaf weeds and woody vegetation. Has little or no effect on grasses. Often used as a cut-stump or basal bark treatment for controlling Russian olives, tamarisk, and other woody species.

Pre-mixes - + Transline = Redeem. + 2,4-D = Crossbow. Many other pre-mix products.

Pathfinder II - ready to use pre-mix with adjuvants necessary for effective cut-stump or basal bark treatments.

Signal word

(toxicity)

Cost

Use rates

(product per acre)

Re-entry interval

Hay harvest

Grazing interval

Lactating dairy animal

Slaughter

Caution

$25-$45/gal

0.5 - 2 pts

4 hours

NA

NA

NA

NA

Labeled Uses (sites):

Crop, non-crop, fallow.

Environmental characteristics - non-selective herbicide (active on grasses and broadleaf plants) that controls most annuals and perennials. Active through foliar uptake, has no soil activity. Labeled for use up to water's edge. At least one formulation, Rodeo, labeled for use in and around water.

Primary target species - effective for control of most grasses and broadleaf species.

Pre-mixes - too numerous to list.

Signal word

(toxicity)

Cost

Use rates

(product per acre)

Re-entry interval

Hay harvest

Grazing interval

Lactating dairy animal

Slaughter

Caution

$100/qt

3 - 7 oz

12 hours

0

0

0

0

Labeled Uses (sites):

Rangeland, permanent grass pastures, non-cropland sites such as right-of-ways, campgrounds, trailheads, and trailsides.

Environmental characteristics - Can be applied to water's edge. Milestone can be safely applied near trees and shrubs. Active on target plants through foliar and root uptake. Not for use on irrigation ditchbanks.

Primary target species - Canada thistle, biennial thistles, knapweeds, common mullein, common teasel, oxeye daisy, sunflowers, cinquefoil, absinth wormwood, hawkweeds. (plants of composite, legume, and polygonum families).

Not effective for controlling grass species, kochia, bindweed, leafy spurge, toadflax, houndstongue, or most mustard species.

Signal word

(toxicity)

Cost

Use rates

(product per acre)

Re-entry interval

Hay harvest

Grazing interval

Lactating dairy animal

Slaughter

Caution

$350/gal*

2 - 12 oz

12 hours

7

0

0

0

Labeled Uses (sites):

Pasture, rangeland, right-of-ways.

Environmental characteristics - has soil residual activity, uptake in plants through foliage and roots. This product has runoff potential and should not be used on hillsides sloping towards water. Do not apply to water, or inside irrigation ditches. Application timing, use rate and choice of surfactant can be critical, read the label carefully.

Primary target species - leafy spurge, cheatgrass, mustard species, dalmatian toadflax, bindweed, teasel, houndstongue, Russian knapweed, suppression of thistle species at higher rates.

Not effective on kochia or biennial knapweed species.

Other Product Names - Cadre - labeled for use in peanuts.

Pre-mixes - + glyphosate = Journey. + 2,4-D = Oasis

Signal word

(toxicity)

Cost

Use rates

(product per acre)

Re-entry interval

Hay harvest

Grazing interval

Lactating dairy animal

Slaughter

Caution

$21/oz

0.25-3.0 oz

4 hours

0*

0*

0*

0*

Labeled Uses (sites):

Non-crop and industrial sites.

Environmental characteristics - can be applied to water's edge, do not apply directly to water. Telar has soil residual activity and is active on weeds through foliar and root uptake.

Primary target species - plants of the mustard family, biennial thistles, houndstongue, common mullein, common teasel, puncturevine, Canada thistle, and assorted annual broadleaf species. Fair to good activity on dalmatian and yellow toadflax.

Not effective for controlling most grass species, kochia, knapweed species, or bindweed.

Other Product Names - Glean

Pre-mixes - + metsulfuron (Escort) = Cimarron X-tra.

Signal word

(toxicity)

Cost

Use rates

(product per acre)

Re-entry interval

Hay harvest

Grazing interval

Lactating dairy animal

Slaughter

Caution

$110/gal

1.5 oz - 2 qts

12 hours

14

0

14

3

Labeled Uses (sites):

Grass pastures, fallow cropland, and non-cropland areas.

Environmental characteristics - this product is soluble in water and persistent in soil. Do not apply on ditchbanks or bottoms, near water, or under desirable trees and shrubs. Tordon is residually active in the soil, and taken into a plant through foliar absorption and/or root uptake.

Primary target species - bindweed, Canada thistle, biennial thistles, knapweeds, toadflax, leafy spurge, houndstongue, woody species.

Not effective for controlling kochia or most mustard species.

Not effective for grass control, though will suppress certain established pasture grasses such as smooth brome.

Pre-mixes - + 2,4-D = Grazon, Pathway

Signal word

(toxicity)

Cost

Use rates

(product per acre)

Re-entry interval

Hay harvest

Grazing interval

Lactating dairy animal

Slaughter

Caution

$390/gal

0.3-1.3 pts

12 hours

0

0

0

0

Labeled Uses (sites):

Transline - Rangeland, grass pastures, forest land, and right-of-ways.

Stinger - Cropland use.

Lontrel - turf and landscaping.

Environmental characteristics - water soluble, should not be applied near water. Transline is similar to Tordon, though less persistent in the soil. Transline can be safely applied near trees and shrubs. Active on target plants primarily through foliar uptake, with root uptake to a lesser degree.

Primary target species - Canada thistle, biennial thistles, knapweeds, common teasel, oxeye daisy, sunflowers.

Not effective for controlling grass species, kochia, bindweed, leafy spurge, toadflax, houndstongue, or most mustard species.

Pre-mixes - + 2,4-D = Curtail. + triclopyr = Redeem, Confront

Signal word

(toxicity)

Cost

Use rates

(product per acre)

Re-entry interval

Hay harvest

Grazing interval

Lactating dairy animal

Slaughter

Warning

$100/gal

0.66-1.33 pts

12 hours

7

0

0

2

Labeled Uses (sites):

Vista - non-cropland sites.

Starane - small grain crops.

Environmental characteristics - Active on target plants through foliar uptake. Not for use on irrigation ditchbanks.

Primary target species - kochia, prickly lettuce, puncturevine, sunflower

Not effective for controlling grass species, Canada thistle, or bindweed.

Signal word

(toxicity)

Cost

Use rates

(product per acre)

Re-entry interval

Hay harvest

Grazing interval

Lactating dairy animal

Slaughter

Danger - Caution*

$15/gal

4 - 64 oz

48 hours

30

0

7

3

Labeled Uses (sites):

For use over a wide range of applications including rangeland, pasture, crops, and non-cropland.

Environmental characteristics - 2,4-D is the active ingredient in many compounds, and is available in ester and amine formulations. Ester formulations are volatile and may injure non-target plants through vapor drift. Low volatility (LV) esters are less susceptible to vapor drift, but may still volatilize at temperatures above 85 degrees. Amine formulations typically do not volatilize, and should be used during warmer weather. Ester formulations penetrate foliage more readily, and are usually used at lower rates than amine formulations.

2,4-D has little to no soil activity, uptake in plants is through foliage. Do not apply to water.

Primary target species - used for control of most broadleaf weeds with little or no effect on grass. Higher rates for control or suppression of perennials. Not effective for control of kochia or knapweed species.

Pre-mixes - too numerous to list.